本文安装的mysql版本为5.7，需要安装mysql 8.0以上可自行换yum文件

1、下载和安装mysql

yum -y install https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
 sed   -i  's/gpgcheck=1/gpgcheck=0/g'   /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
 yum clean all 
 yum -y install mysql-community-server  mysql-community-client

2、配置mysql

vi /etc/my.cnf

添加如下内容：

[mysqld]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
character-set-server =  utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init_connect =  "SET NAMES 'utf8'"
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
[mysql]
default-character-set  = utf8
[client]
default-character-set  = utf8]

3、初始化mysql登录密码

mkdir -p /opt/data/mysql
mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/mysql --user=mysql
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "temporary password"

2023-06-23T14:24:36.418927Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: j_urk/?#t6:Q

j_urk/?#t6:Q就是初始化登录mysql密码

4、启动mysql

# 启动mysql
systemctl  start mysqld
# mysl开机启动
systemctl  enable  mysqld
# 查看mysql启动状态
systemctl status  mysqld

5、修改密码

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

修改密码

ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin2023!';

修改成安全级别的密码，例如123456

修改密码策略

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "validate_password%";

+———————————————————+———-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+———————————————————+———-+
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length | 8 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy | LOW |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+———————————————————+———-+

# 密码级别设为低
set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
# 密码最小长度设置为6
set global validate_password_length = 6;
#修改密码为123456
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
#允许root用户能远程登录
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
#刷新
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;